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Glossary
Overall Crashworthiness: The three factors evaluated in the frontal offset crash test -- structural performance, injury measures, and restraints/dummy kinematics -- determine each vehicle's overall crashworthiness evaluation.

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Glossary
Structure/safety cage: Structural performance is based on measurements indicating the amount and pattern of intrusion into the occupant compartment during the offset test. This assessment indicates how well the front-end crush zone managed the crash energy and how well the safety cage limited intrusion into the driver space. Performance of the structure/safety cage is a major component of each vehicle's overall evaluation.

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Glossary
Injury measures (head, neck, chest, both legs and feet): Obtained from a 50th percentile male Hybrid III dummy in the driver seat, injury measures are used to determine the likelihood that a driver would have sustained injury to various body regions. Measures are recorded from the head, neck, chest, and both legs and feet. Like structural performance, this assessment also is a major component of each vehicle's overall evaluation.

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Glossary
Restraints/dummy kinematics (movement): Significant injury risk can result from undesirable dummy kinematics -- for example, partial ejection from the occupant compartment -- in the absence of high injury measures. This aspect of performance involves how safety belts, airbags, steering columns, head restraints, and other aspects of restraint systems interact to control dummy movement. Although this assessment is important, it doesn't contribute as much as structural performance or injury measures to each vehicle's overall evaluation.

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Glossary
Frontal Offset Crash Test
In IIHS's 40 mph offset test, 40 percent of the total width of each vehicle strikes a barrier on the driver side. The test simulates a frontal offset crash between two vehicles of the same weight, each going just less than 40 mph. Test results can be compared only among vehicles of similar weight.

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